Phospho-IkB alpha (Ser32, Ser36) Monoclonal Antibody (RILYB3R), eFluor™ 660, eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

Description: This RILYB3R monoclonal antibody recognizes human and mouse nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha (I kappa B alpha) when phosphorylated on serines 32 and 36 (S32/S36). I kappa B alpha is one member of a family of cellular proteins that functions to inhibit classical/canonical NF-kappa B signaling by masking the nuclear localization signals (NLS) of NF-kappa B proteins and keeping them sequestered in an inactive state in the cytoplasm. Classical/canonical NF-kappa B signaling is initiated in response to myriad stimuli including engagement of T cell and B cell receptors, growth factors, and inflammatory stimuli (reactive oxygen species, TNF alpha, IL-1) and results in the activation of the I kappa B kinase (IKK) complex that includes IKK alpha, IKK beta, and NEMO. IKK phosphorylates I kappa B alpha resulting in its ubiquitination, degradation, and subsequent translocation of NF-kappa B transcription factor proteins into the nucleus. Applications Reported: This RILYB3R antibody has been reported for use in intracellular staining followed by flow cytometric analysis. Applications Tested: This RILYB3R antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by intracellular staining followed by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. This can be used at 5 μL (0.125 μg) per test.

IkB-alpha is a 40 kDa protein that functions to inhibit NF- kappaB activity. The inhibition occurs via protein-protein interaction between I kappaB proteins and NF- kappaB dimers in the cytosol. The interaction of I kappa B-alpha with NF- kappaB masks the nuclear localization sequence of NF- kappaB, preventing NF- kappaB translocation to the nucleus. A variety of stimuli can activate gene expression by liberating NF- kappaB through the degradation of I kappaB alpha. These stimuli include the proinflammatory cytokines TNF- alpha and IL-1 beta, chemokines, PMA, growth factors, LPS, UV irradiation, viral infection, as well as various chemical and physical stresses. In humans, the gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 14. Activation of NFkB requires that IkB be phosphorylated on specific serine residues, which results in targeted degradation of IkB. IkB kinase alpha (IKK alpha), previously designated CHUK, interacts with IkB-alpha and specifically phosphorylates IkB-alpha on the sites that trigger its degradation Serines 32 and 36. IKK alpha appears to be critical for NFkB activation in response to proinflammatory cytokines. Phosphorylation of IkB by IKK alpha is stimulated by the NFkB inducing kinase (NIK), which itself is a central regulator for NFkB activation in response to TNF and IL-1. The functional IKK complex contains three subunits, IKK alpha, IKK beta and IKK gamma, and each appear to make essential contributions to IkB phosphorylation.